@MastersThesis{Bragion:2020:ReLuNo,
author = "Bragion, Gabriel da Rocha",
title = "Rela{\c{c}}{\~o}es entre luzes noturnas do sensor visible
infrared imaging radiometer suite day/night band (VIIRS/DNB) e uso
e cobertura da terra na Amaz{\^o}nia Legal Brasileira",
school = "Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)",
year = "2020",
address = "S{\~a}o Jos{\'e} dos Campos",
month = "2020-03-03",
keywords = "VIIRS, luzes noturnas, Amaz{\^o}nia Legal, uso e cobertura da
terra, night-time lights, Legal Amazon, land use and land cover.",
abstract = "Ao longo das {\'u}ltimas d{\'e}cadas, o sensoriamento remoto de
luzes noturnas se estabeleceu como uma importante ferramenta para
o monitoramento de n{\'u}cleos urbanos. No entanto, pouca
aten{\c{c}}{\~a}o foi dada para o monitoramento das {\'a}reas
rurais. Na Amaz{\^o}nia Legal Brasileira (AML), o espectro
urbano-rural tem sido abordado de forma cada vez menos
dicot{\^o}mica, visto que os conceitos cl{\'a}ssicos dessas
denomina{\c{c}}{\~o}es, sejam f{\'{\i}}sicos,
demogr{\'a}ficos ou socioecon{\^o}micos, n{\~a}o parecem ser
suficientes para descrever as rela{\c{c}}{\~o}es e
diverg{\^e}ncias do espa{\c{c}}o urbano-rural. Esta
disserta{\c{c}}{\~a}o contribui para o entendimento das
rela{\c{c}}{\~o}es entre os dados de luzes noturnas detectados
pelo sensor VIIRS/DNB, assentamentos humanos e outras {\'a}reas
estabelecidas do territ{\'o}rio da AML, para al{\'e}m do
espa{\c{c}}o urbano f{\'{\i}}sico, ao mesmo tempo que apresenta
evid{\^e}ncias sobre como a complexidade desse territ{\'o}rio se
reflete nas rela{\c{c}}{\~o}es entre os seus diferentes
contextos de ocupa{\c{c}}{\~a}o e vari{\'a}veis derivadas de
dados de luzes noturnas. Dados de uso e cobertura da terra (UCT)
foram integrados para compor uma maior diversidade de padr{\~o}es
de ocupa{\c{c}}{\~a}o da AML. Com o aux{\'{\i}}lio de imagens
orbitais de alta resolu{\c{c}}{\~a}o do sensor RapidEye/REIS e
do reposit{\'o}rio BingMaps, constatou-se que {\'a}reas
consideradas como urbanizadas n{\~a}o detectadas pelas
composi{\c{c}}{\~o}es de luzes noturnas est{\'a}veis somam
apenas 3,5% de toda a {\'a}rea urbanizada da AML, representadas
por {\'a}reas perif{\'e}ricas associadas a pequenos
assentamentos isolados. No entanto, n{\~a}o s{\~a}o as
{\'a}reas urbanizadas que comp{\~o}em a maioria das {\'a}reas
iluminadas, mas sim diferentes configura{\c{c}}{\~o}es de
pastagens (37,26%) e vegeta{\c{c}}{\~a}o natural florestal
(22,52%). Em termos gerais, essas s{\~a}o as mesmas classes que
representam a maior parte do territ{\'o}rio da AML. No entanto,
testes estat{\'{\i}}sticos evidenciaram que as
propor{\c{c}}{\~o}es m{\'e}dias das {\'a}reas de classes de
uso e cobertura da terra associadas {\`a}s atividades
antr{\'o}picas, como pastagens, {\'a}reas urbanizadas e mosaico
de ocupa{\c{c}}{\~o}es, s{\~a}o significativamente maiores em
{\'a}reas iluminadas. Em contrapartida, as propor{\c{c}}{\~o}es
m{\'e}dias de florestas prim{\'a}rias s{\~a}o
significativamente menores nessas {\'a}reas. Para atestar a
influ{\^e}ncia dos diferentes contextos de ocupa{\c{c}}{\~a}o
sobre a proemin{\^e}ncia da infraestrutura de
ilumina{\c{c}}{\~a}o exterior, primeiramente foram investigadas
as correla{\c{c}}{\~o}es entre vari{\'a}veis derivadas de dados
de luzes noturnas e o n{\'u}mero de estabelecimentos rurais
pertencentes a uma mesma mancha cont{\'{\i}}gua de luz. Embora
as vari{\'a}veis elencadas obtiveram coeficientes de
determina{\c{c}}{\~a}o significativos (Radi{\^a}ncia
m{\'e}dia: 0,11; Radi{\^a}ncia total: 0,19; {\'A}rea iluminada:
0,32), o percentual da varia{\c{c}}{\~a}o do n{\'u}mero de
estabelecimentos rurais explicado por estas vari{\'a}veis {\'e}
inferior aos de outras an{\'a}lises similares encontradas na
literatura, fator atribu{\'{\i}}do {\`a} escala de an{\'a}lise
adotada. Por fim, as {\'a}reas iluminadas foram classificadas de
acordo com a sua matriz de UCT, preservando as classes Mosaico de
Ocupa{\c{c}}{\~o}es e {\'A}reas Urbanizadas, julgadas como
relevantes mesmo quando n{\~a}o prevalentes na paisagem. Os
coeficientes de determina{\c{c}}{\~a}o variaram de forma
substancial quando considerado o contexto de ocupa{\c{c}}{\~a}o
das {\'a}reas iluminadas. Contextos nos quais n{\~a}o foi
poss{\'{\i}}vel a identifica{\c{c}}{\~a}o de um padr{\~a}o de
ocupa{\c{c}}{\~a}o, obtiveram coeficientes de
determina{\c{c}}{\~a}o t{\~a}o ou mais baixos do que aqueles
originalmente encontrados. No entanto, {\'a}reas em contextos
ribeirinhos tiveram um acr{\'e}scimo no coeficiente de
determina{\c{c}}{\~a}o (0,56). Juntos, estes resultados
evidenciam que a rela{\c{c}}{\~a}o entre dados de luzes noturnas
e os assentamentos humanos na AML pode ser t{\~a}o complexa
quanto as diferentes formas de ocupa{\c{c}}{\~a}o do
territ{\'o}rio, qualificando este dado como um potencial
descritor do particular processo de urbaniza{\c{c}}{\~a}o da
regi{\~a}o amaz{\^o}nica. ABSTRACT: The remote sensing of
night-time lights has been established as an important tool for
monitoring urban nuclei over the past few decades. However, little
attention has been paid to the monitoring of rural settlements. In
the Brazilian Legal Amazon, the urban-rural spectrum has been
approached in an increasingly less dichotomous way, since the
classic concepts of these denominations, whether physical,
demographic or socioeconomic, do not seem to be enough to describe
the relations and divergences of the urban-rural environment. This
dissertation contributes to the understanding of the relations
between the night-time light data detected by the VIIRS/DNB
sensor, human settlements and other established areas in the
territory of the Legal Amazon, beyond the physical urban space, at
the same time that it brings evidence about how the complexity of
this territory is reflected in the relations between its different
context of occupation and variables derived from night-time lights
data. Data on land use and land cover were integrated to compose a
greater diversity of occupation patterns in the Legal Amazon. With
the help of high-resolution orbital images from the RapidEye/REIS
sensor and the BingMaps repository, it was found that areas
considered urbanized that were not detected by the stable
night-time light composites account for only 3.5% of the entire
urbanized area of the Legal Amazon, being represented by
peripheral areas associated with small isolated villages. However,
it is not the urbanized areas that represent the majority of the
lit areas, but different settings of pastures (37.26%) and natural
forested areas (22.52%). In a broadly perspective, those are the
same classes that represent most of the territory of the Legal
Amazon. However, statistical tests show that the average
proportions of land use and land cover classes that are closely
related to human activities, such as pastures, urbanized areas and
mosaic of occupations, are higher when regarding lit areas. In
contrast, average proportions of primary forests are lower in
these areas. To check for the influence of different contexts of
occupation on the prominence of external lighting infrastructure,
the correlation between variables derived from night-time lights
data and the number of rural buildings in the same light cluster
were investigated. Although all the variables listed resulted in
significant determination coefficients (Average radiance: 0.11;
Total radiance: 0.19; Lit area: 0.32), the percentage of variation
explained by the dependent variables were low, at least lower than
the ones of other similar statistics found in the literature, a
factor attributed to the scale of analysis elected by this
framework. Finally, lit areas were classified according to their
land use and land cover matrix, preserving the classes Mosaic of
Occupations and Urbanized Areas, considered to be relevant even
when they do not prevail in the landscape. The coefficients of
determination changed substantially when considering the context
of occupation of the lit areas. Contexts in which it was not
possible to identify occupation patterns, resulted in lower
coefficients than those found in the original dataset. However,
areas in riverside contexts had a substantial increase of its
coefficient of determination (0.56). Together, these results show
that the relation between night-time light data and human
settlements in the Legal Amazon can be as complex as the many
forms of occupation, qualifying it as a potential descriptor of
the particular urbanization process in the Amazon region.",
committee = "Escada, Maria Isabel Sobral (presidente) and Kampel, Silvana
Amaral (orientadora) and Monteiro, Antonio Miguel Vieira and
Daleles Renn{\'o}, Camilo and C{\^a}mara Neto, Gilberto and
Machado, Reinaldo Paul P{\'e}rez",
englishtitle = "Conections between night-time lights of the visible infrared
radiometer sensor day/night band (VIIRS/DNB) and land use and
cover in the Brazilian Legal Amazon",
language = "pt",
pages = "130",
ibi = "8JMKD3MGP3W34R/425F72H",
url = "http://urlib.net/ibi/8JMKD3MGP3W34R/425F72H",
targetfile = "publicacao.pdf",
urlaccessdate = "28 abr. 2024"
}